When
Governor Rick Scott visited Florida International Academy, a charter school - in Opa Locka
in January, several years ago, he took his special advisor on education,
Michell Rhee, with him. Rhee, the controversial former superintendent of the
Washington DC school system, is a big believer in spending public money on
privately-operated charter schools.
“Who are we to deny a child, a low income child, who has the opportunity to take the same dollars and actually get a better education?” Rhee asks. The answer, in truth, is that kids in charter schools more often than not, simply aren’t getting a better education.
Although I'm not a huge fan of high stakes testing, it does offer an opportunity to evaluate charters against public performance in Florida. When it comes to the failure rate, charter Schools – operated at public expense by private companies – markedly underperformed on the 2011 FCAT. Moreover, hasty explanations provided by major charter school boosters don't really adequately explain the phenomenon. .
The numbers, first reported by a Miami CBS affiliate, are striking: Remember, these are 2011 numbers, however, the relevant demographics really haven't changed much in the subsequent years. Of Florida’s 2,280 public elementary and middle schools, only 17 scored an “F” on the FCAT. For the math challenged, that's a .007% failure rate. Of the state’s 270 Charter elementary and middle schools, 15 flunked. That's .05% .. meaning Charters were about 8 times more likely to fail, and that's just the academic story.
Almost immediately, Charter School boosters began manufacturing reasons and working damage control. Representative Erik Fresen, a Miami Republican who sits on several education committees and is a strong supporter of charter schools, offered this: “Traditionally, they (the charters that failed) were in failing school neighborhoods,” “They started as an “F” because they inherited, essentially, “F” performing students.” Fresen said that a rule that requires charter schools to give the FCAT in their first year of operation accounts for most of the failure rate.
Sounds plausible, right? Yes, if you don't know better it almost does. Fresen’s defense, however, does not stand up to actual critical thinking analysis, however. In truth, of the 15 charter schools that failed, at least nine had administered the test for at least two years. Some saw their grades drop from an “A” to an “F.” This diametrically controverts Fresen's hypothesis. At least two had back-to-back “F” grades, including Broward Community Charter Middle School and Lawrence Academy Elementary Charter School in Miami-Dade.
And now as Paul Harvey used to intone: "The rest of the story": Fresen's sister and brother-in-law own a charter school management company, Academica, yet he claims to see no conflict between that and his leadership role in education in the legislature. At least five companies involved in charter school management contributed the maximum allowable donation to Fresen’s most recent election campaign. And finally, Fresen was named “legislator of the year” by Florida’s for-profit college lobbying group, the Florida Association of Postsecondary Schools & Colleges, in 2013.
“Who are we to deny a child, a low income child, who has the opportunity to take the same dollars and actually get a better education?” Rhee asks. The answer, in truth, is that kids in charter schools more often than not, simply aren’t getting a better education.
Although I'm not a huge fan of high stakes testing, it does offer an opportunity to evaluate charters against public performance in Florida. When it comes to the failure rate, charter Schools – operated at public expense by private companies – markedly underperformed on the 2011 FCAT. Moreover, hasty explanations provided by major charter school boosters don't really adequately explain the phenomenon. .
The numbers, first reported by a Miami CBS affiliate, are striking: Remember, these are 2011 numbers, however, the relevant demographics really haven't changed much in the subsequent years. Of Florida’s 2,280 public elementary and middle schools, only 17 scored an “F” on the FCAT. For the math challenged, that's a .007% failure rate. Of the state’s 270 Charter elementary and middle schools, 15 flunked. That's .05% .. meaning Charters were about 8 times more likely to fail, and that's just the academic story.
Almost immediately, Charter School boosters began manufacturing reasons and working damage control. Representative Erik Fresen, a Miami Republican who sits on several education committees and is a strong supporter of charter schools, offered this: “Traditionally, they (the charters that failed) were in failing school neighborhoods,” “They started as an “F” because they inherited, essentially, “F” performing students.” Fresen said that a rule that requires charter schools to give the FCAT in their first year of operation accounts for most of the failure rate.
Sounds plausible, right? Yes, if you don't know better it almost does. Fresen’s defense, however, does not stand up to actual critical thinking analysis, however. In truth, of the 15 charter schools that failed, at least nine had administered the test for at least two years. Some saw their grades drop from an “A” to an “F.” This diametrically controverts Fresen's hypothesis. At least two had back-to-back “F” grades, including Broward Community Charter Middle School and Lawrence Academy Elementary Charter School in Miami-Dade.
And now as Paul Harvey used to intone: "The rest of the story": Fresen's sister and brother-in-law own a charter school management company, Academica, yet he claims to see no conflict between that and his leadership role in education in the legislature. At least five companies involved in charter school management contributed the maximum allowable donation to Fresen’s most recent election campaign. And finally, Fresen was named “legislator of the year” by Florida’s for-profit college lobbying group, the Florida Association of Postsecondary Schools & Colleges, in 2013.
Now
representing district 114, in the Florida House, Fresen has received at least
$25,500 from the “career college” industry, made up mostly of for-profit
schools. A conflict of interest ethics
complaint was filed against him as far back as 2011 for voting on a proposal that would give
benefits to some charter schools, and in the 2016 legislative session he
has fast-tracked a bill to force Florida public school districts to share their
construction tax money with charters.
Some state lawmakers, however, simply don't buy the hype and have opined that the explosion of publicly-funded, privately-operated schools is a growing drain on the public education system.
“People need to get out of the business of profiting from public education,” (Rep. Dwight Bullard of Miami).
Rep. Luis Garcia, agreed:
“The present policies that….state government is taking seem to be attacking public education in favor of for-profit – to the extreme,” Garcia said.
Some state lawmakers, however, simply don't buy the hype and have opined that the explosion of publicly-funded, privately-operated schools is a growing drain on the public education system.
“People need to get out of the business of profiting from public education,” (Rep. Dwight Bullard of Miami).
Rep. Luis Garcia, agreed:
“The present policies that….state government is taking seem to be attacking public education in favor of for-profit – to the extreme,” Garcia said.
In the first
part of this piece I addressed performance issues related to Florida. There are also many fiscal improprieties which, in
some cases are simply mismanagement, in others are bordering on criminal
enterprises, all in the name of "better" education. Nationwide, the
story is probably worse.
• An Oakland Park man received $450,000 in tax dollars to
open two new charter schools just months after his first collapsed. The schools
shuttled students among more than four locations in Broward County, including a
park, an event hall and two churches. The schools closed in seven weeks.
• A Boca Raton woman convicted of taking kickbacks when she
ran a federal meal program was hired to manage a start-up charter school in
Lauderdale Lakes.
• A Coral Springs man with a history of foreclosures,
court-ordered payments, and bankruptcy received $100,000 to start a charter
school in Margate. It closed in two months.
• A Hollywood company that founded three short-lived
charters in Palm Beach and Collier counties will open a new school this fall.
The two Palm Beach County schools did not return nearly $200,000 they owe the
district.
When members of the
U.S. House of Representatives considered a recent bill to
incentivize the expansion of charter schools, there was, as expected to be a lot of heat but not very much light in
their discussion of the need for more of these institutions.
The bipartisan bill, HR
10, was passed amid rare cross-aisle
fist-bumping, and lots of floor speeches about the power of charters to help
disadvantaged kids. In today’s climate
of trumped up political truisms, the alleged "necessity" of charter schools is
just the latest one. In generally
uninformed and poorly investigated treatments of education, charter schools are
regarded by many as a given
“improvement.” New York Times columnist David Leonhardt recently illustrated this intellectual nonchalance
the other day, writing for the paper’s magazine, that our nation’s “once-large
international lead in educational attainment has vanished,” but “there are some
reasons for optimism in education” – principally, “charter schools” that “offer
some lessons about what works and doesn’t in K-12.”
Parrotting this drivel in Congress, Senator Mary Landrieu (D, LA)
recently harangued U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan during a Senate
committee meeting for not giving enough federal financial support to charter
schools, chiding Duncan for proposing level funding for the federal charter
program.”
According to a report from Education Week, Landrieu
scornfully said, , “We gave you billions of dollars for traditional public
schools. You’ve given a very small amount of money for public high performing
charters. The evidence is in, they work.”
The fact that the House vote on the HR 10 coincided with the
president’s designation of a special week for charters tells you the marketing
campaign for these schools has been very carefully orchestrated.
But giving the lie to this well crafted propaganda campaign (aided
by significant donations to key legislators by "for profit" educational businesses) are a number of recent revelations showing
that among “what is possible” from charter schools is a lot of bad education,
ridiculous hype, wasted resources, and widespread corruption.
In truth, and for sure –
and let’s get this straight from the get go – there are always a few “charter
school success stories” that can be cherry picked from the tree, just like "some
Bull Riders" don't ever get hurt but that’s not the point. Charter School
boosters laud the accomplishments of the few and then imply that it is the
norm. It isn't. Imagine the reaction if an advocate for traditional public
schools pleading his case saying, “But look at this great public school over
here.” He’d be mocked in the media and shamed by politicians. The point is that
after years of studies about charter schools, there is not really any
definitive proof of any “charter school magic” they bring to the field.
Ignore the smoke and
mirrors and let's look at facts.....remember facts?
Opening the truth telling about charter schools was a recent
study calling for public schools to be
replaced by charter schools in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Milwaukee, you should
note, is the city that has experienced the nation’s longest running experiment,
more than 20 years, with charter schools and vouchers as replacements for
traditional public schools. Reality, based on
statistics and on the ground evaluation, however, is that charter
schools in Milwaukee do no better than the public schools they replace, and
many of the charter schools that perform the worst are never
held accountable and continue
to remain open after years of failure.
Despite this very
modest track record for charters in
Milwaukee, the report “Do Poor Kids Deserve Lower-Quality Education Than Rich
Kids? Evaluating School Privatization Proposals in Milwaukee, Wisconsin,” explores
the latest demand from state officials who are for “enamored with a new type of
charter school represented by the Rocketship chain of schools.”
The study looked closely at Rocketship’s practices and found
“everything is built around the tests.” However, tests scores for students in
the Rocketship programs – as measured by California’s Academic Performance
Index (where Rocketship is primarily based) – have declined by just over 10
percent from 2008–2009 to 2012–2013. “Indeed, in 2012–2013, all seven of the
Rocketship schools failed to make adequate yearly progress according to federal
standards.”
Despite this poor
performance, Rocketship executives are bent on an “unshakeable pursuit of
large-scale growth”, and are enriching
politicians nationwide in an effort to gain support. The Rocketship
model is driven by profit, instead of good education practice. As explained by
the report and , as is intuitively obvious if one reviews the curriculum, along with a test-driven instructional method,
Rocketship relies heavily on substituting extensive
online instruction for personal instruction from teachers. This model leads to
clear conflicts of interest when Rocketship (or any) charter network partners with its own
for-profit providers of curricula, and two leaders of the charter venture both
sit on Rocketship’s Board and are primary investors in a for-profit company
that provides the math curriculum used by Rocketship.
Thus, as the report
concludes, “Rocketship promotes itself
as a dynamic learning organization, but, any true innovation is limited. since it apparently will not adopt education
reforms that have no potential to make money for investors.”
This profit over pedagogy mentality “would likely be prohibited as illegal conflicts of interest if they took place in a public school system,” (or not: The Bush family had "interests" in the TX company which initially produced the FCAT!) but “Rocketship is not bound to uphold the same standard of ethics demanded of public officials.”
This profit over pedagogy mentality “would likely be prohibited as illegal conflicts of interest if they took place in a public school system,” (or not: The Bush family had "interests" in the TX company which initially produced the FCAT!) but “Rocketship is not bound to uphold the same standard of ethics demanded of public officials.”
On state tests in
Ohio, most charter schools do more poorly than public schools. Some equal
public school performance but few surpass the public schools in test scores.
While test scores do not show everything that schools should be accomplishing
with their students, they do indicate that the promise of charter schools has
not lived up to the reality. One must question the motivation behind the
continued support for charter schools. Is it a misguided belief that they will
better serve students or is it to pursue a political agenda to destroy anything
that the government does, even if successful?
Another outcome of "Charter
School mania" is the circulation of unfounded and unwarranted rhetoric to
support them. Demands for more charter schools, and more money for charter
schools, are often justified by highly suspect information masquerading as
“research” and inflated arguments about their financial needs. Two recent
examples of the hype machine:
First, a new report arguing for more money for charter schools
and, second, the annual ritual of circulating figures representing a charter
school “waitlist.”
The calling for more funds for
charter schools found that in 2011, charter schools received $3,059 less per
student than traditional public schools. “Shocking,” wrote one of the report on his personal blog. But as
education journalists noted, the report came from a University of Arkansas
endeavor “funded by the Walton Foundation, a group associated with Walmart that
aggressively uses its philanthropy to spur the creation of new charter schools.
Even so, the foundation also included a disclaimer that its findings “[do] not
necessarily reflect” the group’s views.)”
Additionally, Further, as charter schools expert and Western
Michigan University professor Gary Miron explained, “This is not research
that’s helping draw good policies.” Based on the data, charter schools often
get less money simply because they don’t provide many of the services
traditional public schools do, in particular, special education services,
student support services such as counseling and health, vocational education,
and transportation.
In fact, A
significant number of charters have a
cost advantage, especially when there is a thorough accounting of “considerable
money that comes into charters from private sources.”
And about that extensive
charter school wait list? A small number of very popular charters
disproportionately account for the charter waitlists, while traditional public
schools – which are not allowed to turn away applicants or, as with popular
magnet schools, offer selective enrollment – are not given a “meaningful
comparison” in the charter school data. As charter proponents continue to
inflate their cause, the facts continue to deflate it. Maybe we’ve had enough
of this shameless hype?
Last but by no means least, and all too frequently seen in
Florida, a recent report released
by Integrity in Education and the Center for Popular Democracy revealed,
“Fraudulent charter operators in 15 states are responsible for losing, misusing
or wasting over $100 million in taxpayer money.”
The report,
“Charter School Vulnerabilities to Waste, Fraud And Abuse,” combed through news
stories, criminal records, and other documents to find literally hundreds of
cases of charter school operators embezzling funds, using tax dollars to
illegally support other, non-educational businesses, taking public dollars for
services they didn’t provide, inflating their enrollment numbers to boost
revenues, and putting children potentially in harm's way, danger by foregoing safety regulations or
withholding services. Not an opinion, but simply a public records search! The report summarizes: "Despite rapid growth in the charter
school industry, as of today, no agency, federal or state, has been given the
resources to properly oversee it. Given this inadequate oversight, we worry
that the fraud and mismanagement that has been uncovered thus far might be just
the tip of the iceberg.”
In a write up of the report, senior editor at Bill Moyers and Company, Joshua Holland, wrote, “The report looks
at problems … with dozens of case studies. In some instances, charter operators
used tax dollars to prop up side businesses like restaurants and health food
stores — even a failing apartment complex.”
Washington Post reporter , Valerie Strauss, cited some of the most egregious examples
including a Washington, DC-based charter that used public tax dollars to cover
travel-related expenses, membership dues and dinner tabs at an exclusive club,
and slew of bills from sources as diverse as wine and liquor stores, Victoria’s
Secret, and a shop in France frequented by the charter school operator and his
wife.
A state audit in Ohio found nearly $3 million in
unsubstantiated expenses amassed by a charter in that state. Another operator in Milwaukee
“spent about $200,000 on personal expenses, including cars, funeral
arrangements and home improvement.” And yet another in California pleaded
guilty to “stealing more than $7.2 million worth of computers from a government
program.”
Despite these urgent
and well-founded calls for a change in direction on charter schools, not to
mention that most simply don't work better (or in many cases, as well), public
officials still seem intent on pursuing bad policy. This push for putting tax
dollars into corporate pockets would be derided
by most charter supporters if it were any other instance. If the 2008 Housing
bubble collapse proved nothing else (it did!) consider the consequences for many
2008 , 9, 10, and 2011 retirees had the George W. Bush privatization plan for
Social Security been adopted .'Nuff said?